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Pratyahara (Abstraction of Senses)
Abstraction of the mind from worldly objects is called Pratyahara.Mind and its attention are on the objects it perceives outside.One is conscious of the other, not of oneself.The senses have a natural tendency to move towards the objects they seek.Practice of Pratyahara checks this movement and helps in control of thoughts and mind.Through constant practice one can turn the mind inwards and meditate with ease.
The practice of Pratyahara is in the mind, its higher evaluation and astute discrimination. The conscious and the sub-conscious mind both come into play. It is nothing difficult or strange we all practice it almost everyday without being aware of it.Suppose you are eating food and watching a football match on the TV, a goal is scored by your favorite team you will not be aware of the fact that you are eating and taste of the food will not be there but subconsciously you will continue to eat, your mind is presently not interfering in the process of eating.This is happening without desire, as the mind is totally involved in the match.This implies that the sub-conscious is linked with the senses and with the intelligence and the mind functions in its natural way.Similarly, the natural state of every mind is bliss; with practice of Pratyahara the mind shifts away from the tendency to move outward and easily gets introverted.
Yogis practice this by doing pranayama, japa and developing a very sound technique of reasoning wherein one looks at an object as being valueless unless it helps in his spiritual life.One should not take this to extremes.If one is married and has got wife and children who do not want to get involved in yogic practices does not mean that they are valueless.Value is in utilization of the space of mind in proper direction for spiritual elevation. There are many ways one can practice Pratyahara.Once the yogi gets firm in this practice then he gets psychological freedom his senses function in harmony without hindrances of likes and dislikes.One of the best means of Pratyahara is continuously repetition of ones Ista or Guru Mantra or taking the name of God and visualizing him when ever one is free, this is difficult initially, but after some time it will settle and work wonders.
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