Yama means discipline, self-control, systemization of habits and mind. This is an exercise of the mind and intellect, it is to be understood and put into constant practice. It is not an act of suppression or self-denial by force; it is restraint in a fine manner. If you want to go to a discotheque, your mind will constantly dwell upon that desire. Instead of grappling with should I go or not, watch your mind; ask your self why this craving has come? Then the energies will center upon the self, desire will remain but the restlessness will go the craving will disappear.
This discipline is further elaborated under five limbs for understanding and practice. They are:
(a) Non-Violence. In Sanskrit it is called Ahimsa. At the physical plane it means non-injury in thought, words and deed. This has to be understood in subtler sense. It is no use preaching non-violence and eating meat. Non-violence, is a feeling indescribable, the feeling is spiritual. Love flows towards all beings in existence. It is not a superfluous show of ethics of non-injury. One cannot hate any being or ethos; there is natural universality about the very thoughts.
(b) Truthfulness. In Sanskrit it is called Satya. We all understand that this implies telling the truth or speaking the truth. Do you tell a dying person that he is dying? If one does so, then one is an idiot. Remember speech should be pleasant and beneficial. One must not get stuck on just speaking the truth. Truth has to be viewed in totality. One has to find out what is the truth? The very difference between the fact and fiction, takes the mind towards the reality.
(c) Non-Stealing. In Sanskrit it is Asteya. Lord Krishna in Gita reveals that a person who does not share with others is virtually a thief. It means not hoarding, not being greedy and not accumulating. It also implies honest living and living in moderation. People keep accumulating clothes, properties and wealth. One can never be satisfied in life by acquisitions, on the contrary simple life with limited desires gives satisfaction, contentment and does not allow the mind to run towards arrogance of possessions.
(d) Continence. In Sanskrit it means Brahmacharya. The correct purport of this is to abide in the Brahman or the Absolute. It is loosely interpreted as abstinence from sexual commerce. When one abides in the Absolute all mundane desires vanish. One is in a state of bliss one now knows the reality and does not desire anything.
(e) Non-Covetousness. It means not to desire things that belong to others, also non-acceptance of gifts. It is to cultivate a sense of total contentment. Also acceptance of gifts makes one come under the obligation of others. Obligations can become distractions in spiritual life.
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